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<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html>.

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# Yet Another Argument Parser (YAAP)
YAAP is a simple command line argument parser for C. It uses functions and structures to add arguments to the parsing context and parse the command line.
## Author
Dominik Meyer <dmeyer@federationhq.de>
## License
Copyright 2018 by Dominik Meyer Licensed under GPLv3
## Features
* git like command support (git commit)
* short and long flag support ( -t YAAP or –title=YAAP)
* string argument support ( -t YAAP or – title=YAAP)
* simple flags (-v, -V, -h, –help)
* integer arguments (-c 10)
## Coming
* hex arguments ( -c 0x5A)
## Installation
YAAP is intented to be copied into your project directory. Different approaches are available:
* simpe copy argparse.h and argparse.c into your source directory
* add the github repository as a submodule
* add the github repository as a subtree
* add the github repository as a subrepo
In all cases you have to make sure that argparse.c is compiled into an object file and is appended to your link stage.
## Documentation
The Doxygen documentation can be found at https://byterazor.github.io/yaap/ .
## Signed Commits
All commits are signed with the GPG key for dmeyer@federationhq.de valid from 2017-07-30
Fingerprint: 8A96 F2F7 FC07 3485 C724 9879 B4C3 12B6 0060 6B64

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CFLAGS=-Wall
OBJECTS1=example1.o ../src/argparse.o
all: example1
%.o: %.c
gcc $(CFLAGS) -c -o $@ $<
example1: $(OBJECTS1)
gcc -o $@ $(OBJECTS1)

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/*
YAAP - Yet Another Argument Parser
Copyright (C) 2018 Dominik Meyer
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
/**
* @file example1.c
* @brief brief example on using YAAP
* @author Dominik Meyer <dmeyer@federationhq.de>
* @copyright 2018 by Dominik Meyer
*/
#include "../src/argparse.h"
#include <stdio.h>
/*
* @brief example command
*/
int test1(int argc, char **argv)
{
printf("Test\n");
return 0;
}
/*
* @brief main function for this example
*/
int main (int argc, char **argv)
// initialize the parsing context
{
struct arg_parse_ctx *argparse_ctx = argparse_init();
// create a command argument
struct arg_parse_cmd test_cmd= {
{0,1,0}, // 1 = mandatory element
0,
"test", // command name
"simple test", // command description
&test1 // if found call this function
};
/// add the argument command to context
argparse_add_command(argparse_ctx, &test_cmd);
int count;
struct arg_int test_int = {
{ARG_INT,0,0},
'c',
"count",
"just a counting value",
&count
};
/// add the argument int to context
argparse_add_int(argparse_ctx, &test_int);
/// parse the commandline
int ret=argparse_parse(argparse_ctx, argc, argv);
if (ret >= 0)
{
printf("Counter: %d\n", count);
}
/// free context
argparse_free(argparse_ctx);
return ret;
}

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/*
argparse functions
Copyright (C) 2018 Dominik Meyer
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
/**
* @file argparse.c
* @brief file for all argparse functions
* @author Dominik Meyer <dmeyer@federationhq.de>
* @copyright 2018 by Dominik Meyer
*/
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "argparse.h"
void argparse_usage(struct arg_parse_ctx *ctx, char *program); ///< forward declaration of function
int argparse_add_flag(struct arg_parse_ctx *ctx, struct arg_flag *flag); ///< forward declaration of function
/**
* @brief wrapper function for calling argparse_usage from the -h arg_flag command line argument
*
* @param ctx - the current yaap context
* @param user - some user specific data in this case the command line arguments
*
* @return 0 - everything is fine
*/
int argparse_help(void *ctx, void *user)
{
argparse_usage(ctx, ((char **) user)[0]);
return 0;
}
/**
* @brief initialize the argparse context
*
* This function has to be called at every start of the programm and before
* any other argparse functions are called!!!
*
* @return returns an initialized arg parse structure
*/
struct arg_parse_ctx * argparse_init()
{
// allocate memory for the arg_parse_ctx structure
struct arg_parse_ctx *ctx = (struct arg_parse_ctx *) calloc(sizeof(struct arg_parse_ctx),1);
if (ctx == NULL)
{
return NULL;
}
// allocate memory for the arg_parse_cmd array
ctx->arguments=(void **)calloc(sizeof(void *), ARGPARSE_INITIAL_COMMAND_NR);
if (ctx->arguments == NULL)
{
free(ctx);
return NULL;
}
// flag argument for -h and --help
struct arg_flag *flag = (struct arg_flag *) calloc(sizeof(struct arg_flag),1);
flag->base.type = ARG_FLAG;
flag->short_flag='h';
flag->long_flag="help";
flag->description="print help message";
flag->cb=&argparse_help;
argparse_add_flag(ctx, flag);
return ctx;
}
/**
* @brief free an arg_parse context (all memory will be freed)
*
* this function should be called at the end of the programm
*
* @param ctx - the arg_parse_ctx structure to free
*/
void argparse_free(struct arg_parse_ctx *ctx)
{
int i;
//search for -h flag argument and free it
for(i=0; i< ctx->nr_arguments;i++)
{
if (to_argbase(ctx->arguments[i])->type == ARG_FLAG)
{
if (to_flag(ctx->arguments[i])->short_flag=='h')
{
free(ctx->arguments[i]);
}
}
}
// free the arg_parse_cmd array
free(ctx->arguments);
// free the context itself
free(ctx);
}
/**
* @brief add an arg_parse_cmd to the context for later parsing
*
* @param ctx - the context the command should be added to
* @param cmd - the command to add to the context
*
* @return 0 = everything is fine, -1 error occured
*/
int argparse_add_command(struct arg_parse_ctx *ctx, struct arg_parse_cmd *cmd)
{
if (ctx == NULL || cmd == NULL)
{
return -1;
}
cmd->base.type=ARG_CMD;
// check if the array size has to be increased
if (ctx->nr_arguments % ARGPARSE_INITIAL_COMMAND_NR == 0)
{
ctx->arguments= (void **) realloc(ctx->arguments, sizeof(void *)*(ctx->nr_arguments+ARGPARSE_INITIAL_COMMAND_NR));
}
// append the command to the array
ctx->arguments[ctx->nr_arguments]=cmd;
ctx->nr_arguments++;
return 0;
}
/**
* @brief add an arg_str to the context for later parsing
*
* @param ctx - the context the command should be added to
* @param str - the arg_str to add
*
* @return 0 = everything is fine, -1 error occured
*/
int argparse_add_string(struct arg_parse_ctx *ctx, struct arg_str *str)
{
if (ctx == NULL || str == NULL)
{
return -1;
}
str->base.type=ARG_STR;
// check if the array size has to be increased
if (ctx->nr_arguments % ARGPARSE_INITIAL_COMMAND_NR == 0)
{
ctx->arguments= (void **) realloc(ctx->arguments, sizeof(void *)*(ctx->nr_arguments+ARGPARSE_INITIAL_COMMAND_NR));
}
// append the command to the array
ctx->arguments[ctx->nr_arguments]=str;
ctx->nr_arguments++;
return 0;
}
/**
* @brief add an arg_flag to the context for later parsing
*
* @param ctx - the context the command should be added to
* @param flag - the arg_flag to add
*
* @return 0 = everything is fine, -1 error occured
*/
int argparse_add_flag(struct arg_parse_ctx *ctx, struct arg_flag *flag)
{
if (ctx == NULL || flag == NULL)
{
return -1;
}
flag->base.type=ARG_FLAG;
// check if the array size has to be increased
if (ctx->nr_arguments % ARGPARSE_INITIAL_COMMAND_NR == 0)
{
ctx->arguments= (void **) realloc(ctx->arguments, sizeof(void *)*(ctx->nr_arguments+ARGPARSE_INITIAL_COMMAND_NR));
}
// append the command to the array
ctx->arguments[ctx->nr_arguments]=flag;
ctx->nr_arguments++;
return 0;
}
/**
* @brief add an arg_int to the context for later parsing
*
* @param ctx - the context the command should be added to
* @param integer - the arg_int to add
*
* @return 0 = everything is fine, -1 error occured
*/
int argparse_add_int(struct arg_parse_ctx *ctx, struct arg_int *integer)
{
if (ctx == NULL || integer == NULL)
{
return -1;
}
integer->base.type=ARG_INT;
// check if the array size has to be increased
if (ctx->nr_arguments % ARGPARSE_INITIAL_COMMAND_NR == 0)
{
ctx->arguments= (void **) realloc(ctx->arguments, sizeof(void *)*(ctx->nr_arguments+ARGPARSE_INITIAL_COMMAND_NR));
}
// append the command to the array
ctx->arguments[ctx->nr_arguments]=integer;
ctx->nr_arguments++;
return 0;
}
/**
* @brief internal function to print usage information, not exported to user
*
* @param ctx - the context for which to print the usage information
* @param program - the program name the application was called with
*
*/
void argparse_usage(struct arg_parse_ctx *ctx, char *program)
{
int i=0;
printf("usage: %s <command> [<args>]\n",program);
printf("\n");
printf("Available commands: \n");
for(i=0; i<ctx->nr_arguments; i++)
{
switch (to_argbase(ctx->arguments[i])->type)
{
case ARG_CMD:
printf("\t%20s\t\t%s\n", to_cmd(ctx->arguments[i])->command, to_cmd(ctx->arguments[i])->description);
break;
default:
break;
};
}
printf("\nAvailable Arguments: \n");
for(i=0; i<ctx->nr_arguments; i++)
{
switch (to_argbase(ctx->arguments[i])->type)
{
case ARG_STR:
printf("\t-%c <string>|--%s=<string>\t\t%s\n", to_str(ctx->arguments[i])->short_flag,
to_str(ctx->arguments[i])->long_flag,
to_str(ctx->arguments[i])->description);
break;
case ARG_FLAG:
printf("\t-%c | --%s\t\t%s\n", to_flag(ctx->arguments[i])->short_flag,
to_flag(ctx->arguments[i])->long_flag,
to_flag(ctx->arguments[i])->description);
break;
case ARG_INT:
printf("\t-%c <integer> | --%s=<integer>\t\t%s\n", to_flag(ctx->arguments[i])->short_flag,
to_flag(ctx->arguments[i])->long_flag,
to_flag(ctx->arguments[i])->description);
break;
default:
break;
};
}
printf("\n");
}
/**
* @brief internal function to print usage information, if an unknown command has been found
*
* @param ctx - the context for which to print the usage information
* @param program - the program name the application was called with
* @param command - the command found
*
*/
void argparse_unknown_command(struct arg_parse_ctx *ctx, char *program, char *command)
{
printf("%s: \'%s\' is not a supported command.\n\n", program, command);
argparse_usage(ctx, program);
}
/**
* @brief parse the given commandline
*
* @param ctx - the arg parse context to use
* @param argc - the argument count of the commandline
* @param argv - the argument list of the commandline
*
* @return 0 - everything is fine
* @return <0 - parsing failed
*/
int argparse_parse(struct arg_parse_ctx *ctx, int argc, char **argv)
{
int i=0;
int r=0;
int found=0;
int newargc=argc;
char **newargv=argv;
if (ctx == NULL)
{
return -1;
}
// check if there are arguments to check for
if (ctx->nr_arguments == 0)
{
return 0;
}
// check if one of the command line args matches a given argument type
if (argc > 1)
{
for (i=1; i< argc; i++)
{
found=0;
for(r=0; r < ctx->nr_arguments; r++)
{
// check if the argument is a command
if (argv[i][0]!='-' && to_argbase(ctx->arguments[r])->type == ARG_CMD )
{
if (strcmp(to_cmd(ctx->arguments[r])->command,argv[i])==0)
{
found=1;
newargc--;
newargv=&argv[i];
return to_cmd(ctx->arguments[r])->cb(newargc,newargv);
}
}
// check if the argument is a string argument
else if (argv[i][0]=='-' && to_argbase(ctx->arguments[r])->type == ARG_STR)
{
// check for long argument format or short
if(argv[i][1]=='-')
{
}
else
{
if(argv[i][1] == to_str(ctx->arguments[r])->short_flag)
{
found=1;
if (i+1<argc)
{
strncpy(to_str(ctx->arguments[r])->value, argv[i+1], to_str(ctx->arguments[r])->maxchars);
i++;
}
else
{
printf("value missing for -%c parameter\n\n",to_str(ctx->arguments[r])->short_flag);
argparse_usage(ctx, argv[0]);
return -1;
}
to_argbase(ctx->arguments[r])->set=1;
}
}
}
// check if the argument is a flag argument
else if (argv[i][0]=='-' && to_argbase(ctx->arguments[r])->type == ARG_FLAG)
{
// check for long argument format or short
if(argv[i][1]=='-')
{
if (strcmp(&argv[i][2],to_flag(ctx->arguments[r])->long_flag)==0)
{
to_flag(ctx->arguments[r])->base.set=1;
found=1;
if (to_flag(ctx->arguments[r])->cb != NULL)
{
return to_flag(ctx->arguments[r])->cb(ctx, argv);
}
}
}
else
{
if(argv[i][1] == to_flag(ctx->arguments[r])->short_flag)
{
found=1;
to_flag(ctx->arguments[r])->base.set=1;
if (to_flag(ctx->arguments[r])->cb != NULL)
{
return to_flag(ctx->arguments[r])->cb(ctx, argv);
}
}
}
}
else if (argv[i][0]=='-' && to_argbase(ctx->arguments[r])->type == ARG_INT)
{
// check for long argument format or short
if(argv[i][1]=='-')
{
char *tok=strtok(argv[i],"=");
if (strcmp(tok+2,to_int(ctx->arguments[r])->long_flag)==0)
{
to_int(ctx->arguments[r])->base.set=1;
tok=strtok(NULL,"=");
found=1;
if (to_int(ctx->arguments[r])->value != NULL)
{
*(to_int(ctx->arguments[r])->value)=(int) strtol(tok,NULL,10);
}
}
}
else
{
if(argv[i][1] == to_int(ctx->arguments[r])->short_flag)
{
found=1;
to_int(ctx->arguments[r])->base.set=1;
if (to_int(ctx->arguments[r])->value != NULL)
{
*(to_int(ctx->arguments[r])->value)=(int) strtol(argv[i+1],NULL,10);
}
i++;
}
}
}
}
if (found == 0)
{
printf("%s is an unknown command/argument\n\n", argv[i]);
argparse_usage(ctx, argv[0]);
return -1;
}
}
}
// check if all mandatory parameters have been found
for(i=0; i<ctx->nr_arguments; i++)
{
if (to_argbase(ctx->arguments[i])->mandatory==1 && to_argbase(ctx->arguments[i])->set==0)
{
printf("mandatory parameter missing ");
switch (to_argbase(ctx->arguments[i])->type)
{
case ARG_STR:
printf("-%c|--%s\n\n",to_str(ctx->arguments[i])->short_flag,to_str(ctx->arguments[i])->long_flag);
break;
default:
printf("\n");
break;
};
argparse_usage(ctx, argv[0]);
return -1;
}
}
return 0;
}

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#ifndef __ARGPARSE_H__
#define __ARGPARSE_H__
/*
argparse functions
Copyright (C) 2018 Dominik Meyer
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
/**
* @file argparse.h
* @brief header file for all argparse functions
* @author Dominik Meyer <dmeyer@federationhq.de>
* @copyright 2018 by Dominik Meyer
*/
/** @mainpage
*
* \section intro_sec Introduction
* YAAP is a simple command line argument parser for C.
* It uses functions and structures to add arguments to the parsing context and
* parse the command line.
* \section Features
* - git like command support (git commit)
* - short and long flag support ( -t YAAP or --title=YAAP)
* - string argument support ( -t YAAP or -- title=YAAP)
* - simple flags (-v, -V, -h, --help)
* - integer arguments (-c 10)
*
* \section coming
*
* - hex arguments ( -c 0x5A)
*
* \section Repository
*
* https://github.com/byterazor/yaap
*
* \section Installation
* YAAP is intented to be copied into your project directory. Different approaches are
* available:
* - simpe copy argparse.h and argparse.c into your source directory
* - add the github repository as a submodule
* - add the github repository as a subtree
* - add the github repository as a subrepo
*
* In all cases you have to make sure that argparse.c is compiled into an object file
* and is appended to your link stage.
*
* \section Functions
* All available functions can be found in argparse.c.
*
* @example example1.c
*/
#define ARGPARSE_INITIAL_COMMAND_NR 5 ///< initial size for the command array
#define to_argbase(ptr) ((struct arg_base *) ptr) ///< convert a pointer to an arg_base structure pointer
#define to_cmd(ptr) ((struct arg_parse_cmd *)ptr) ///< convert a pointer to an arg_parse_cmd structure pointer
#define to_str(ptr) ((struct arg_str *)ptr) ///< convert a pointer to an arg_str structure pointer
#define to_flag(ptr) ((struct arg_flag *) ptr) ///< convert a pointer to an arg_flag structure pointer
#define to_int(ptr) ((struct arg_int *) ptr) ///< convert a pointer to an arg_int structure pointer
/**
* @brief supported argument types
*/
enum argtypes {
ARG_CMD, ///< a command argument like git uses it (git commit)
ARG_FLAG, ///< a simple flag like -v without additional parameter
ARG_STR, ///< an argument with a string parameter (-t hallo, --title=hallo)
ARG_INT ///< an argument with a integer parameter (-s 10, --size=10)
};
/**
* @brief base structure for a command line argument
*/
struct arg_base
{
enum argtypes type; ///< type of the argument
int mandatory; ///< is the argument mandatory
int set; ///< has the argument been set
};
/**
* @brief structure representing a command
*/
struct arg_parse_cmd
{
struct arg_base base; ///< base of the command line argument
int no_command; ///< if this is 1, the callback will be called if no command is given
const char *command; ///< the name of the command on the commandline, no spaces or special chars allowed, only ascii
const char *description; ///< short description of the command
int (*cb)(int argc, char **argv); ///< function to call if the command is found on commandline
};
/**
* @brief structure representing a string command line argument
*/
struct arg_str {
struct arg_base base; ///< base of the command line argument
char short_flag; ///< one char flag identifying the argument, ignored if NULL
const char *long_flag; ///< multi char flag identifying the argument, ignore if NULL
char *value; ///< memory already allocated for the string parameter
int maxchars; ///< the maximum number of chars for the string parameters
const char *description; ///< short description of the argument
};
/**
* @brief structure representing a simple flag command line argument
*/
struct arg_flag {
struct arg_base base; ///< base of the command line argument
char short_flag; ///< one char flag identifying the argument, ignored if NULL
const char *long_flag; ///< multi char flag identifying the argument, ignore if NULL
const char *description; ///< short description of the argument
int (*cb)(void *ctx, void *userdata); ///< callback called if argument is found
};
/**
* @brief structure representing a simple int command line argument
*/
struct arg_int {
struct arg_base base; ///< base of the command line argument
char short_flag; ///< one char flag identifying the argument, ignored if NULL
const char *long_flag; ///< multi char flag identifying the argument, ignore if NULL
const char *description; ///< short description of the argument
int *value; ///< the value of the option
};
/**
* @brief structure for the argparse context, holding argparse specific data structures
*/
struct arg_parse_ctx
{
void **arguments; ///< array for all argparse elementsdd
int nr_arguments; ///< how many arguments are currently registered
};
struct arg_parse_ctx * argparse_init(); ///< initialize parsing context
void argparse_free(struct arg_parse_ctx *ctx); ///< free the parsing context at program end
int argparse_add_command(struct arg_parse_ctx *ctx, struct arg_parse_cmd *cmd); ///< add a commandline command to the context
int argparse_add_string(struct arg_parse_ctx *ctx, struct arg_str *str); ///< add a string argument to the context
int argparse_add_flag(struct arg_parse_ctx *ctx, struct arg_flag *flag); ///< add a flag argument to the context
int argparse_add_int(struct arg_parse_ctx *ctx, struct arg_int *integer); ///< add a integer argument to the context
int argparse_parse(struct arg_parse_ctx *ctx,int argc, char **argv); ///< parse the given commandline in the context
#endif